How I Learn Stuff

June 3, 2009

My Dinner with Helen

Filed under: Uncategorized — james @ 10:14 pm

My friend Helen Lowe just won an award for her book Thornspell, which is a novel showing the Prince’s side of the Sleeping Beauty story.

This is cool because not only is Helen a great writer, she’s quite a buccaneering thinker, too. I have had dinner at her house a couple of times, along with her husband Andrew Robins, whom I knew as a software tester.

When I first met her, I expected she wouldn’t say much. For one thing, I, um, talk a LOT. And besides, Andrew and I are testers, whereas Helen is not a technical person. Instead, she surprised me on two fronts. A) it turns out she’s a gourmet chef. The food was amazing. If Helen Lowe invites you to dinner at her house SAY YES! And, B) Helen has an encyclopedic grasp of European history. I don’t know how we got onto the subject, except that I had been listening to a series of lectures on the history of the English monarchy. So, I might I have been gushing about that. The conversation soon turned into a good-natured “rap duel” except instead of rhymes we were barking out little known bits about the Reformation. Helen actually lectured us quite a bit, but it didn’t feel like being lectured at. I guess because what she had to say was so interesting.

I wish every conversation was like that! Helen was an excellent hostess in the old sense of serving food, arts, and intellect in an evening. Andy and I were well looked after. At the end of that first dinner we agreed that we would discuss 16th century Poland at our next meeting. One year later, we did just that (although I forgot to bring my Polish history books and ended up cramming on Wikipedia the night before…)

Have you ever noticed that, around some people, ideas seem both more fluid and more vivid? And thinking is welcome and comfortable? Anyway, that’s what it’s like around Helen.

So go read her book. She deserves to give up her day job and write more of them.

“Let’s begin with level flight.”

Filed under: Uncategorized — james @ 4:28 am

Dad left the family when I was four. I would have almost no contact with him for another eight years, and not much contact through my adulthood. Mom was there every day until I left home, and she deserves credit for coping with the angry and willful child that I became. But even so it was my nearly absent father who, more than anyone or anything else, shaped me as a man. The way I challenge the world, relate to people, and most of all how I learn, is deeply influenced by Richard Bach the man, and his writings.

(Oh, he hates it when I tell him that. “You did it yourself!” he says, waving his hands as if dismissing imaginary mosquitoes. Still, the truth must be told.)

I dedicated my Buccaneer-Scholar book to him, over his objections. He suggested I honor instead self-educated people everywhere. “Dedicate it to your readers, not me.” I replied that I had to acknowledge the one person who is responsible for me writing it at all. I wrote that book for him. I would not have written it if not for him.

I have to tell you, my approach to life and learning is based on Dad’s book, Jonathan Livingston Seagull. I owe a lot to that talking gull.

Secrets of a Buccaneer-Scholar is a book about how I created myself as a free thinker. It’s about how I left school, educated myself, found success and colleagues and even have students now. Anyone else can do the same kind of thing I did. But to do that you have to learn how to walk through certain kinds of walls. I learn without teachers, I get recognition without degrees, I accept no limits on what I may study or believe.

As it turns out, my life is basically the plot of Jonathan Livingston Seagull.

I read JLS nine times before I was twelve. While I did not understand its metaphysical bits at the time, I knew it was a book about leaving the insidious prison of social convention. Even as a kid I looked for ways out. If everyone wanted something, I would want the opposite. Although I didn’t get to talk to my Dad, he was famous enough that I sometimes felt as if I were the son of an Olympian God. I saw myself as Hercules, who must prove himself worthy.

In the fleeting visits I did have with the man, Dad made it clear that he wasn’t interested in limitations. We weren’t allowed to use the word “can’t.” (of course I constructed an argument why “can’t” is a useful idea, and that established a pattern that would last until my thirties– debating with Dad about details and dynamics, while in my behavior mostly living in a way I felt he would approve of. Dad approved of bold and brash challenges to perceived authority.)

There were really just two sentences in the book that did it for me. Two sentences that set the arc for my entire professional life. The first was in the scene where Jonathan Seagull take on a new student, Fletcher, who is already good at flying. He says to Fletcher “Let’s begin with level flight.”

What a puzzling thing for Jonathan Seagull to propose as a first lesson. Fletcher already knew how to fly! Every time I read that, I would stumble on it. My eight year-old brain goggled. Is Jon teasing Fletcher? Why is he wasting his time like that?

Years later that line would come into my mind spontaneously, an echo from the past that found its way across the void to where I was teaching testers how to see what is right in front of them. I teach experienced testers, mostly. And I often find myself posing very simple problems that have subtle and powerful solutions. I do this because I need to break down the assumptions my students have made about the way technology works and how it ought to be tested. I could teach them with complicated and advanced-sounding examples, but instead I start with ones that seem to have simple answers (but they never do!)

Begin with level flight. Begin deep learning by reinventing what seems obvious.

A lot of my deepest learning has come from trying to do something very simple, but to do it very well. I’m in the midst of one such project now: trying to describe a stone. That’s all. Just describe it. Well, I have read two books from cover to cover, so far, and have skimmed about fifty others, in my quest to learn how properly to describe one humble stone! I also have a stack of academic papers to go through.

For the last ten years or so, since I first recalled it from my childhood reading, Jonathan’s prescription to Fletcher “begin with level flight” has resonated inside of me.

Now, just tonight, I remembered another line, too. It’s the last line of the book: “His race to learn had begun.” The line refers to Fletcher, who, with his teacher’s blessing, had graduated to a teacher himself.

Dad is against gurus. He won’t let me be a guru, either, unless it is a way to lead my students to self-reliance and self-possession. JLS is a book about learning and also about freedom. I talk about collegiality, in my book, as a loose confederation of fellow students helping each other learn. Dad shows what that looks like in the pages of JLS. Elegantly and simply.

Father’s Day is coming up. I live in hope that I am a good example and model for my son in the way that my Dad has been for me.

May 31, 2009

Speaking at Rethinking Education Conference

Filed under: Uncategorized — james @ 1:07 am

On labor day weekend, I’ll be speaking at the Rethinking Education conference, in Dallas. That’s the week my book comes out.

My talk will be titled “How a Lazy, Undisciplined Kid Beat the College Grads.” I will attempt to explain to a non-technical audience how I made the transition from sullen kid to gainfully employed knowledge worker.

I’m interested in doing more talks on related subjects. I need to come up with more topics.

May 29, 2009

Buccaneering Dynamics

Filed under: Uncategorized — james @ 1:27 pm

My friend Michael Butler spotted this wonderful analysis of the social and economic dynamics of Caribbean pirates. It’s an interview with Peter Leeson, who wrote The Invisible Hook. This is the same kind of thinking I used in my book.

Where Leeson argues that Buccaneers used “governance without government” to maximize profit in an outlaw society, I argue that a similar dynamic can work inside our heads, driving self-education.

What a Tester Does

Filed under: Uncategorized — james @ 4:51 am

I was recently asked if I had a motto. I replied “Testers light the way.”

This blog is about learning, but my day job is software testing. I think and learn like a tester.

Recently my colleague, Michelle Smith, gave a nice little example of how testers think. Check it out. See? Testers question things. In so doing we light the way for others. I just blogged about another tester who questioned me and offered a reading list. Fabulous!

Now let me do a little questioning. Consider the photo, below. This is a cup sleeve from Starbucks.

I’m glad that Starbucks wants to “help the planet.” But I worry that someone at Starbucks is not on board with the plan. Do you notice the fine print?

“Intended for single use only.”

WTF?

As a tester, part of my job is to notice inconsistencies. So here are my questions:

  1. Is this a warning not to use the sleeve more than once? It’s not worded as a warning, but what other reason could there be for it? If it’s a warning, why put it in fine print? You want credit for warning me, but you don’t want me to notice the warning?
  2. Is this warning motivated by someone who was injured, somehow, when the sleeve snapped? Or is it motivated only by the fear of that potentially happening? Either way, again, why fine print? That’s not going to stand up in court, guys!
  3. What kind of problem could happen? Is it mechanical failure of the sleeve, or some sort of toxic or biological hazard?
  4. If the sleeve can fail after one use, can’t it fail on the first use? Shouldn’t there be a blanket warning? “Caution: sleeve may snap at any time.”
  5. If the sleeve is so weak that more than one use puts the customer at risk of Sudden Coffee Lossage Syndrome, wouldn’t it be prudent to use a stronger glue or something? Maybe fix the problem instead merely hoping to win the lawsuit.
  6. What does it mean to use the sleeve more than once? Does it mean I can’t have a refill in the same cup? Does it mean I should not transfer the sleeve to another cup?
  7. What if I nurse one coffee a loooonng time? Is that a sleeve hazard?
  8. Maybe “single use” means “used for a single purpose”? Could it be that Starbucks is telling us not to use it at a coaster?

If “single use” means use it one time and then throw it away, that saves 60% over throwing away a sleeve made from non-recycled material. But if you use a non-recycled sleeve ten times, the savings is four times greater than using Starbuck’s one shot wonder sleeves.

Starbucks needs a green reality check.

April 19, 2009

New Buccaneer Video!

Filed under: Uncategorized — james @ 12:36 pm

This is called To Describe a Rock, Part 1.

My brother Jonathan and I continue our adventures by selecting an object from the beach and trying to use systems thinking and rapid studying to analyze and describe it.

April 9, 2009

Competitive Swashbooking

Filed under: Uncategorized — james @ 10:15 pm

Swashbooking is a process of quickly skimming books, looking for anything important. My brother and I invented it as a way to supercharge our learning.

In our first experiments, we set a recurring alarm at six minutes, and switched to a new book every time the chime sounded. At the end of one hour, we each gave book reports. Since we read the same books, we were able to compare what each of us had absorbed. We discovered that for most books– even really thick ones– we were able to discover powerful ideas in only six minutes.

Then we hit upon a new idea: Let’s take a stack of books (115 that we had never read) and set a timer for eight hours. During that time (stopping the clock for meals and a few breaks) we would read for the purpose of preparing an oration that would refer to as many of the books as possible.

By the time it was over, Jon had covered 47 books and I covered 46.

Check out our video!

And look at my little presentation at Prezi.com!

I’m going to post more notes on the process, soon.

April 1, 2009

Try a Puzzle

Filed under: Uncategorized — james @ 1:01 am

A lot of my learning is motivated by puzzles. I particularly like math puzzles. Here’s one:

1 2 3 4 5 = 1
5 4 3 2 1 = 2
1 1 1 1 1 = 5
2 2 2 2 2 = 1
3 3 3 3 3 = 6
4 4 4 4 4 = 2
5 5 5 5 5 = 7
6 6 6 6 6 = 3
1 1 2 2 2 = 6
3 3 4 4 4 = 7
1 1 1 1 2 = 1
1 1 1 1 3 = 6
1 1 1 1 4 = 2
1 1 1 1 5 = 7
2 2 2 2 6 = 3
2 2 2 2 5 = 7
2 2 2 2 4 = 2
2 2 2 2 3 = 6
2 2 2 2 2 = 1
6 1 1 1 1 = 2
5 1 1 1 1 = 8
4 1 1 1 1 = 5
3 1 1 1 1 = 2
2 1 1 1 1 = 8

3 1 4 1 5 = ?

This puzzle came to me from Trey Klein. I found it difficult to solve. Took me a couple of hours.

Most buccaneers, I will hazard to say, enjoy the challenge of a good puzzle. If you, like me, can’t resist puzzles, then of course you’ll have to try this one. But, I have a request. Whether or not you solve it, I’d like you to write a comment telling us how you tried to solve it. What steps did you take? What ideas did you have? What techniques or tools did you apply?

To puzzle is to learn.

Puzzles are fabulously educational even if you fail to solve them. So, don’t get too hung up on the solution itself. I could tell you the solution to the puzzle above, right now, and you would gain something. Sure. But if you try very hard to find the answer, fail, and THEN ask me for the answer, you will gain a lot more. The answer will have much more power and meaning for you, because of how you suffered for it. You will learn something critical about your strategy of problem-solving.

I talk about this in my book. I call it the “Sail Power Principle.” If you don’t struggle with a problem at all, that’s like sails with no wind in them. If you struggle too much, then you’ll get discouraged, and that’s like sails with too much wind– blowing them to shreds. You want to find that sweet spot. Put some effort into it, and when you begin to despair, say to yourself “I’m about to learn something important!” then you can LOOK AT THE ANSWER.

Of course, you may solve the puzzle, yourself. That’s cool, too.

March 30, 2009

Lessons From Shakespeare

Filed under: Uncategorized — james @ 4:10 am

Macbeth! That great Shakespeare play was playing next to my hotel in New York City. Patrick Stewart was starring. As soon as I saw the posters, I knew I must see it. In town for a gig, my weekend was completely open. I had plenty of disposable time. I could say yes to this sudden opportunity.

Moments after I got the ticket, I rushed back to my room and Googled the text of the play, skimming it in ten minutes. Just enough to get a sense of the plot and some of the key lines. I also read the synopsis on Wikipedia and one of the reviews of this particular production. This is necessary with Shakespeare. I love Shakespeare, but I don’t much understand his language. A little preparation gives me a better chance to take in the action.

Reading Shakespeare is difficult for me. It’s difficult for anyone who doesn’t study it deeply. But to watch it performed is a different experience entirely. Powerful, engaging. It’s the difference between reading about a rose and delighting in its scent.

So I headed to the theater at the appointed time, not sure of the protocol (Is it like a movie? Do I just walk in? Am I supposed to wear nice clothes?). A mass of people surrounded the doors. I couldn’t tell if there was a line or if it was just a mob. I sidled through the crowd until I had a foothold inside the lobby, next to the merchandise counter. There I saw a friendly-faced girl behind the counter, wearing a “Something wicked this way comes” tee-shirt.

“This is my first time at the theatre in New York. I’m not sure how it works. Are we waiting for the doors to open?” I asked.

“Oh yeah.” She smiled. “It will be just a couple of minutes.”

They opened the doors and we funnelled to our seats. As I sit waiting for the play to start, I realized something, everyone here loves Shakespeare! A woman behind me was chatting with her husband about the finer points of Shakespearean dialogue. I wanted to turn around and say, “Excuse me, I’m going to join your conversation, because I need to learn more about this from someone passionate and educated like you.” Instead I sat still, not wanting to interrupt her with my awkward enthusiasm. Maybe during intermission I could corner her.

The play began, and the very first speech set the pattern for the whole performance.  Complicated archaic phrases came at the me in globs and tumbles. It was like one of those booths where they blow dollar bills all over you and you try to grab as many as you can.

“Doubtful it stood; as two spent swimmers, that do cling together and choke their art. The merciless Macdonwald– worthy to be a rebel, for to that the multiplying villanies of nature do swarm upon him–from the western isles of kerns and gallowglasses is supplied; and fortune, on his damned quarrel smiling, show’d like a rebel’s whore: but all’s too weak: for brave Macbeth–well he deserves that name– disdaining fortune, with his brandish’d steel, which smoked with bloody execution, like valour’s minion carved out his passage till he faced the slave…”

What was that about swimmers? Gallowglasses? I think I got the gist: Macbeth did good.

My preparation helped, because all I needed to do was fit the words to the plot I already knew. Plus there are lots of cues in the props and movements of the actors: a bloody knife, held by someone covered in blood, suggests a recent murder. Stuff like that.

So there I was, in the dark, watching Lady Macbeth urge her husband to kill the King of Scotland, when it dawned on me: being in that audience trying to puzzle through Shakespeare felt just like learning computers, philosophy, history, or most things. It’s the same kind of experience. Bracing, confusing, and fun!

Consider that. I was struggling to understand the action. This struggle was not easy. Yet instead of feeling frustrated, I felt gleeful. Rarely have I been so aware of my own ignorance and yet so comfortable with it. Maybe it was the fact that I knew most people around me were also struggling with it. Maybe it was my sense of the actors passion for their work– they wanted me to get it, they were enunciating and using their whole bodies to help me understand. The theater transformed into an ideal classroom, I felt the audience pulling and the actors pushing and all of us puzzling it out together.

I felt good, not about ignorance itself, but at the glorious opportunity ignorance was giving me. My ignorance stood like a block of marble before me and it was yielding to my chisel. By the time I emerged from the theater, back into daylight, I would have sculpted, in some small way, a new mind.

So, this is the mystery of learning, for me. I’m not excited about learning techniques, although I do talk a little about them in my book. What matters more to me is the feeling of learning. What is it like to learn something important? How do I bottle that glorious feeling and release it again on command? What feelings prevent me from learning, and how do I overcome them?

One major theme here is that complexity can be intimidating, but it can also be motivating. We need to find those conditions that make it motivating. I’m working on that. Scribbling in my notebook, in the dark theater, while the sound and fury on the stage signifies everything.

March 16, 2009

What’s the Alternative?

Filed under: Uncategorized — james @ 2:02 am

Tanya writes:

…I can’t envision a system other than schools to give kids learning experiences. I’ve tried to imagine it, but I can’t. Can you help me?

Stay-at-home teaching parents or professionals are fabulous for those who can get them, I’m sure, but I don’t see how everyone could get them.

Apprenticeships are good if the kid knows what he/she wants to do from a young age, or if they can take the knowledge to another realm if they want to move to something else.

What about before they’re old enough to apprentice, though? What would be the alternative to what is done now?

Here’s my answer in a few parts:

1. Ordinary daily life is an ongoing learning experience.

Who escapes from that experience? No one. To think that kids need a special injection of “learning experiences” in order to prepare for life is a disempowering myth created by schoolists. We can live and learn without any special schooling, whatsoever. Have you heard of kids going to video game school to learn how to play Halo 2? No. The ones who want to play teach themselves without the need for assigned homework.

Everyone has a mind. Every mind develops in some way. Morally, I have no basis to say how someone else’s mind should develop. I see it as a personal matter.

But what about my own son? As a father I have a responsibility to open the way for him– to provide options and resources– but that doesn’t mean I have to impose my intellectual values. For that matter, I have also not imposed my spiritual values. He will decide those for himself. Maybe that means he will not be a doctor or lawyer when he’s 24 years old. But I say: it’s not a race, it’s not a competition. It’s just his whole life. I don’t need him to win awards or Olympic medals. I just want him to feel that his life is fully his own.

He will find a passion and follow it. Or else he won’t. He will learn how to take care of himself out of simple necessity and a wish to be respected in his community. Or else he won’t. He gets to live with his choices. But I see my job as knocking down what he sees as the obstacles to progress, not to shackle him to my own ambitions.

My son doesn’t need schooling for an education, but he may well choose schooling. When he was five, we had to choose for him, because school is compulsory. We didn’t want to fight the U.S. government, so we chose the least manipulative form of schooling that we could find: Montessori. By sheer luck, there was a fantastic Montessori school in my town during the K-6 years. Since then we’ve homeschooled. Our homeschooling style is non-directive.

2. Let education be available, not conscripted.

In a free society, I would like to see universal free access to basic and advanced educational resources. Anyone who chooses ought to be able to study any field they wish, tuition free. I love public libraries and online resources. I also love the idea of learning communities and networks.

I adore the Summerhill school, in England.  It’s a free school. Students are not required to attend classes, but they are available. Once I saw an interview with a former Summerhill student who graduated without knowing how the read. He spoke of how he was just never interested in reading. Years later he decided he wanted to learn (because he was teaching English in Japan) and three months later he knew how to read. That’s that. And that’s how believe it should be– let’s teach kids that there is a way to learn whatever they want or need to know. Let’s offer it to them. Then stop worrying.

But you know, I soon lose interest in imagining what we should do as a nation or a species. What I do, I do on a personal level. I live as an example to my friends, colleagues, and family. I share my excitement about learning with anyone who cares to listen. I have this good news for parents: I, too, was a “lazy” video-game-playing stubborn kid, once. Since then I learned how to support myself and a family, too.

3. Remember, context matters.

A helpful answer for you depends on why you are asking the question. If you are a public school teacher, there is very little you can do to change the system. If you are a parent wondering about your own children, or a philosopher pondering the bigggest picture, that is a very different matter.

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